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Resources for Youth/Teens and Adults who provide education/services 
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Adolescent Sexual Health

HIV/STD/Sex Ed Curriculum Available 

HIV/AIDS

Report on HIV Testing

Reports on Adolescent Risk Behavior

Reports on Abstinence Only Programs

Sex Education Resources

STD Education Resources

 

Parent Resources

Special Populations:


Peer Ed Resources

Pregnancy Prevention

Program Evaluation Tools

Resources for Related Issues

Sex and Drugs

Quick Stats Reference for Teens in Michigan, Pregnancy prevention, STDs and HIV

Youth: Get Involved!

 

 

See also Web Sites; Educational Resources  / MI Program Review Panel Recommended Resources

Education Resources from the Michigan Resources Guide


New Resources

Updated "quick reference" fact sheet on Teen Pregnancy, STD and HIV Prevention
This updated fact sheet from the MDCH Division of Family & Community Health has more graphs, as well as specific information on what these three specific prevention programs at MDCH are doing to reduce rates among adolescents.  Also, this fact sheet provides the current statistics for teens in regards to teen pregnancy/birth, STD and HIV.  This is a great document for quick data about these topics for your staff, agency, community, coalitions, schools, parents, etc.  See Talking Points PDF

 

Time To Talk!
The Talk Kit (see link below), is a new resource for adults in speaking with the kids you love about the risks of drugs and alcohol.

Whether you're a parent, relative, or mentor to a child, there are going to be times when you need help discussing issues both big and small. That's why the Michigan Prevention Network created the Time To Talk(™) Talk Kit . With ideas on how to start talking, scripts on what to say, and tips for answering tough questions, this kit can help you keep the child in your life healthy and drug-free!  You can access this tool at http://www.timetotalk.org/ParentTalkKit/ 

See more Parent Resources


Partnering for Success: How Health Departments Work and How to Work with Health Departments
Developed by the National Association of Chronic Disease Directors (NACDD) School Health Project, in collaboration with and support from CDC-DASH, this new publication focuses on creating healthy schools and the many ways in which health departments can be of support to schools, education departments and community leaders. It is designed to help readers better understand how state and local public health systems are structured, their roles, what types of programs they administer, the support and resources they can offer to school health programs, and how take advantage of those resources.
http://www.chronicdisease.org/files/public/CDCHHDWBrochurewebv17[1].pdf  

"I encourage those those working with youth or in school health to take a look at this new publication. Representatives from both the MDE and MDCH were brought into the development process, and the report includes references to the Michigan Healthy Schools Action Tool (HSAT) ( www.mihealthtools.org )and Michiana," Laurie Bechhofer, HIV/STD Education Consultant, Michigan Department of Education.

 

Youth: Get Involved!

 

Youth Participation: Making It Real, 2009
**NIIAH Partner: Center for Mental Health in Schools, UCLA
http://smhp.psych.ucla.edu/pdfdocs/Newsletter/summer09.pdf

If we are going to plan for young people, we need their voices at this table. There is particular concern about empowering youth voices to ensure hearing and understanding of concerns raised by those segments of the population that have little power to influence policy. This article explores what is involved in ensuring meaningful participation in policy and planning for diverse groups of young people.



Your Voice, Your Rights, 2009
Rutgers University
http://www.sexetc.org/yourvoice <http://www.sexetc.org/yourvoice

The "Your Voice, Your Rights" advocacy portal allows teens to create profiles where they can upload photos and video, tell their sex ed stories and talk about the sexual health issues that matter to them.

 

 

Adolescent Sexual Health

MiCASH - The Evolution of the Adolescent HIV & STD Networking Committee
This year a group of key stakeholders were invited to look at how this committee could be redefined, refocused to work better to serve the needs of those who provide services to adolescents around the state and ultimately to work better for the sexual health and prevention of sexual risk behaviors for our youth. See the Meeting Brief from the April 2009 meeting for the mission and goals of this new Michigan Coalition on Adolescent Sexual Health and the schedule for upcoming meetings, which will be held quarterly in Okemos.

The State of Adolescent Sexual Health in Michigan
On Wednesday, February 13, 2008, all Superintendents and Public School Academy Directors were sent a copy of this just released white paper with a memo stating: "The Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH) and the Michigan Department of Education (MDE) are pleased to present a comprehensive white paper, the State of Adolescent Sexual Health in Michigan. This paper represents one of the first snapshots of integrated data pertaining to the serious consequences of sexual behavior among Michigan adolescents. The goal of this document is to inspire future action from policy makers, state and local health agencies, schools, parents, community-based organizations, the faith community, and other key stakeholders concerned about critical health issues affecting adolescents in our state."

Oregon Youth Sexual Health Plan
The plan was written by a statewide coalition of public and private partners, including the Oregon Department of Human Services, Oregon Department of Education, local county health departments, Planned Parenthood, and youth action research teams. This plan marks a significant shift from a focus on teen pregnancy prevention to creating a holistic action plan to address youth sexual health.

The plan provides a framework for strengthening collaboration among leaders in sexual violence prevention and youth sexual health promotion. It presents a great opportunity to explore the connections between these important issues. A link to Oregon's sexual violence prevention plan is included below for your reference. Please help share this information with your communities.

Press release:
http://www.oregon.gov/DHS/news/2009news/index.shtml
http://www.oregon.gov/DHS/news/2009news/2009-0312b.pdf

Oregon Youth Sexual Health Plan with Appendices:
http://egov.oregon.gov/DHS/children/teens/tpp/

Sexual Violence Prevention Plan and Information:
http://www.EndSexualViolenceOregon.org

May 2009 NASTAD Prevention Bulletin Youth Issue Brief
This issue brief focused on youth explores the application of youth development principles as part of an overall public health strategy in which youth play a meaningful role in determining what health department efforts could best help improve sexual health outcomes for adolescents. 

As in the initial issue brief, we provide a listing of the core elements or characteristics of programs that have been proven, in the literature, to be both effective and efficacious when incorporating key youth development principles.  First, however, it is useful to understand the theoretical concepts of adolescent development and maturation on which many youth-centered approaches are based and how they can successfully be applied or adapted as core aspects of any prevention strategy in which youth have a substantial stake. Within this discussion, thoughtful consideration must be given to acknowledging the political challenges embedded in our view of adolescent sexual health and how recognizing youth as partners in prevention requires a fundamental shift in our view of their potential role in public health. View the entire Youth Issue Brief #2

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has released a new MMWR Surveillance Summary, "Sexual and Reproductive Health of Persons Aged 10-24 Years -- United States, 2002-2007." This MMWR Surveillance Summary is now available online at www.cdc.gov/mmwr.  


Sex and Drugs

Help Teens Learn the Link between Drugs and HIV Through Science, Storytelling, and Online Video

Behaviors associated with drug abuse are one of the largest factors in the spread of HIV infection in the United States, according to research from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), part of the National Institutes of Health. Research shows that drugs disrupt the parts of the brain people use to weigh risks and benefits when making decisions—increasing their chances of contracting HIV.


This is why NIDA produced its  webisodes.. The webisodes are an extension of Learn the Link,, an award-winning, public service announcement (PSA) campaign that uses text messaging and online media to teach students about the link between non-injection drug abuse and HIV transmission.


The webisodes show realistic characters Kim, Monica, Pete, and Sara, combined with real-world language that engages and connects with teens. The campaign also features distinctive television spots and an accompanying Web site offering, in addition to webisodes, bilingual educational resources, and special features that extend the message through a MySpace page, video PSAs, Web banners  and online community.


At www.hiv.drugabuse.gov , access to the following science-based resources is available:
• Download the Learn the Link campaign Web badges and banners to show your support.
• Discover campaign materials and resources to support your organization's outreach.
• Befriend NIDA's official Learn the Link MySpace page.
• View exclusive  webisodes that reveal more of the young characters' stories and add them to your own Web site.
• Discover new ways your organization can collaborate and answer the call.
Help spread the message and Learn the Link..

 

Sex Education Resources

The Librarian's Guide To Sex Education Resources:

Download the Publication
(97 pages)

Audiovisual, Print, and Web-based Materials for Youth, Parents, and Youth-Serving Professionals

SexEdLibrary
Brought to you by SIECUS (the Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States), this is a highly acclaimed resource for educators, counselors, administrators, and health professionals seeking the latest in human sexuality research, lesson plans, and professional development opportunities. We’ve analyzed hundreds of lesson plans from multiple sources to offer easy access to the very best on such topics as sexual and reproductive health, puberty, abstinence, relationships, sexual orientation, body image, self-esteem, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS, unintended pregnancy, and more. SexEdLibrary

The 2nd edition of The Underground Guide to Teenage Sexuality
The current chapters include: Sexual Anatomy; Things To Expect During the Teen Years;Healthy and Unhealthy Relationships; Contraception (Birth Control); STDs and HIV/AIDS; Abortion; How to Say No to Sex; Drinking, Drugs, and Rape; Preventing Adult Sexual Contact and Harm; Being Gay; Dealing with Sadness and Depression; For Parents, Educators and Other Adults. Additionally, the UGTS covers recommended breast self-exams and testicular self-exams, complete with illustrations.
The Underground Guide to Teenage Sexuality was originally written for
young people with low reading levels.  However, it has been well-received by these audiences as well:

  • Parents/Guardians:  As a "refresher course" and resource to respond
    to questions from daughters and sons.
     
  • Teachers:  To become familiar with issues their students may be
    struggling with as well as resources for additional assistance.
     
  • Health Educators/Community Outreach Trainings:  A comprehensive, yet
    easy-to-understand, quick-read primer to prepare youth workers to
    address adolescent sexuality issues.
     
  • Physicians:  As a recommended resource to young patients and parents.
    The Underground Guide to Teenage Sexuality, 2nd Edition,
    is available now for $16.95 by calling 1-800-544-8207. Callers who
    mention they heard about it in Michigan HIV News can get a 20% discount
    plus free shipping.

     

Teaching About Sexuality and HIV: Principles and Methods for Effective Education
"The most comprehensive book to date to help teachers and community health educators." - Sexuality Information and Education Council of the U.S.(SIECUS) Written by Evonne Hedepeth and Joan Helmich. Evonne Hedepeth, PH.D., is executive director of Lifespan Education www.lifespaneducation.com.

The SIECUS Report
The bimonthly journal of SIECUS, the SIECUS Report, is available by subscription. The SIECUS Report provides information and analysis on sexuality education, sexual health, and sexual rights. An annual subscription is $49. For more information or to order: Phone: 212/819-9770 ext. 327 Web site: www.siecus.org Mail: SIECUS Publications 130 West 42nd Street, Suite 350 New York, NY 10036-7802.

http://www.coalitionforsexed.org/  Coalition for Responsible Sex Ed
We are a coalition of educational, religious, health, social service, and advocacy organizations, as well as concerned individuals that promotes lifelong healthy sexuality by advocating for policies on responsible sexuality education and access to confidential health care services. Minnesota - example.
 

 

HIV Prevention Education

National Policy Statement on HIV Prevention Education in Schools
In December of 2000, the National State Boards of Education (NASBE) wrote a policy statement called The Continuing Role of Schools in HIV Prevention Education.

It is a two page document, and can be accessed if you have acrobat reader at
http://www.nasbe.org/Policy_Updates/Health/continuing.pdf

The document is a includes a strong statement about effective HIV prevention education.  Here are a couple of excerpts:
Comprehensive Health Education--Youth who receive health education in conjunction with a strong academic program are significantly less likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors.  Comprehensive health education that includes sexuality education and is grounded in effective theory and practice can influence young people to delay the initiation of intercourse, or to use protection consistently and correctly.  Concern has been expressed over whether these programs increase sexuality activity among young people.  There is overwhelming evidence to the contrary.  Studies indicate that such programs do not increase sexual behavior among youth.

A Balanced Message--Messages for young people should be clear and balanced.  Total abstinence from sexual activity is the only sure way to prevent sexual transmission of HIV infection, STDs, and pregnancy.  Therefore, HIV prevention and health promotion programs for children and adolescents should stress abstinence from sex and drugs as the most reliable protection from HIV.  Many young people are abstaining from sex and drugs, and education programs must foster the attitudes and skills needed to support and encourage this behavior.  However, HIV education programs must also be honest and recognize the reality that many young people are already sexually active and /or using alcohol and other drugs.  While abstinence must always be stressed, young people also need to learn how to protect themselves from HIV through safer sexual practices.  In this context, science-based education about latex condoms and their correct use ought to be part of every HIV prevention program....

Gender Affects Reaction To HIV-prevention Materials
ScienceDaily (Jun. 10, 2008) — Various intervention strategies have been implemented to curb the rise of HIV, and a factor that might affect exposure to interventions is gender. A new study has reviewed the behavior of participants exposed to various HIV brochures. Researchers found that both men and women were likely to avoid gender-mismatched brochures. Women, however, were more likely to approach gender-matched brochures over gender-neutral brochures.
Gender Affects Reaction To HIV-prevention Materials

 

HIV Testing Reports

Late HIV Testing -- 34 States, 1996-2005 and Testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus among High School Students – United States, 2007.
The report on late testing presents data on HIV diagnoses and indicates far too many people are diagnosed with HIV late in the course of infection, when neither treatment nor prevention can offer optimal benefit. The publication on HIV testing among high school students indicates that while some U.S. high school students have been tested for HIV, increased HIV testing among this population is needed. Both reports will be available online at: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/

 

Peer Education Resources

Peer Education...a little help from your friends 2004 Edition
Planned Parenthood Centers of West Michigan
Editors: Jan Lunquist and Julie Sisson
613 pages in 3 ring binder
Characteristics:
• Offers sample forms, polices & procedures for Peer Education Facilitators
• Features host of lessons, activities, handouts & worksheets
• Contains evaluation tools for measuring success
• Describes knowledge and behavioral outcomes

Availability:
New Arrival Price $60.00 (+ $15.00 Shipping & Handling*)
After October 1, 2004: $80.00 (+ $15.00 Shipping & Handling*)

More Information? Call Planned Parenthood Centers of West Michigan 616-774-7005. Send order with payment including s/h to:
PPCWM, 425 Cherry St. SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503
* In the Continental U.S.
Call for Shipping & Handling Prices for Multiple Orders

 

Reports on Abstinence Only Programs

SIECUS State Profiles: A Portrait of Sexuality Education and Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Programs in the States
SEICUS Release (6/27/07) This publication is the most comprehensive document of its kind, detailing sexuality education and abstinence-only-until-marriage programs in states and communities across the country during Fiscal Year 2006. It contains information on each state’s laws, recently proposed legislation, and noteworthy events related to sexuality education. The profiles also detail the amount of money that states and state-based entities receive for abstinence-only-until-marriage programs and how these funds are used.

SIECUS encourages colleague organizations and supporters of sexuality education to use these State Profiles in advocacy efforts geared toward legislators, policymakers, opinion leaders, and the media on the national, state, and local levels. It is our hope that each State Profile will empower individuals and organizations to expand or develop their own advocacy efforts related to comprehensive sexuality education and prevention programs. Together, we can and must create policies that support the best programs for our young people.

The profiles are available on the SIECUS website at http://www.siecus.org/policy/states/index.html . Here you can access individual state profiles, an analysis and overview of our research, the history of abstinence-only-until-marriage funding, funding and law and policy charts, and an evaluation form.

If you require a hard copy of the SIECUS State Profiles for Fiscal Year 2006 - please send your request to mrapp@siecus.org .
 

Understanding Abstinence: Implications for Individuals, Programs and Policies
http://www.agi-usa.org/pubs/journals/gr060504.pdf
 

 

African American Adolescents

The Reproductive Health of African American Adolescents: What We Know
and What We Don't Know

By the end of the 1990s, several reproductive health measures for
African-American adolescents showed marked improvement: Rates of
pregnancy and infection from two sexually transmitted diseases fell, and
condom use was more common for these teens than their white or Hispanic
counterparts. But this report from the Joint Center for Political and
Economic Studies finds a mixed picture today. Black teens are more
likely than others to expect to become teen or non-married parents (but
educational involvement is associated with lower sexual activity).
Nearly one-third of black female teens with older partners are more
likely to report low rates of contraceptive use and high rates of
pregnancy and childbirth.
http://www.jointcenter.org/whatsnew/a_report/a-report.htm
 

 

Resources for Working with Gay, Lesbian, Bi-Sexual, Transgender and Questioning (GLBTQ) Youth

Helping Families Support Their Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender
(LGBT) Children provides information about sexual orientation and gender identity to help friends, family, and other adults support LGBT children and adolescents. The practice brief reports research findings from the Family Acceptance Project at San Francisco University and was published by the National Center for Cultural Competence at Georgetown University with support from the Child, Adolescent, and Family Branch of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's Center for Mental Health Services. Contents include basic information to help families support their LGBT children; research on the impact of families on their LGBT children's health, mental health, and well-being; and ways ethnically, religiously, and socially diverse families, parents, and caregivers can support their LGBT children.
Guidance for providers who work with LGBT children, adolescents, and families is included. Family materials and provider tools such as education materials, assessment and policy resources, research publications, and gender spectrum education and training materials are presented. The brief is available at http://www11.georgetown.edu/research/gucchd/nccc/documents/LGBT_Brief.pdf


Family Rejection as a Predictor of Negative Health Outcomes in White and Latino Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Young Adults
Caitlin Ryan, PhD, ACSWa, David Huebner, PhD, MPHb, Rafael M. Diaz, PhDa and Jorge Sanchez, BAa
a César E. Chávez Institute, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California
b Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah

OBJECTIVE. We examined specific family rejecting reactions to sexual orientation and gender expression during adolescence as predictors of current health problems in a sample of lesbian, gay, and bisexual young adults.

METHODS. On the basis of previously collected in-depth interviews, we developed quantitative scales to assess retrospectively in young adults the frequency of parental and caregiver reactions to a lesbian, gay, or bisexual sexual orientation during adolescence. Our survey instrument also included measures of 9 negative health indicators, including mental health, substance abuse, and sexual risk. The survey was administered to a sample of 224 white and Latino self-identified lesbian, gay, and bisexual young adults, aged 21 to 25, recruited through diverse venues and organizations. Participants completed self-report questionnaires by using either computer-assisted or pencil-and-paper surveys.

RESULTS. Higher rates of family rejection were significantly associated with poorer health outcomes. On the basis of odds ratios, lesbian, gay, and bisexual young adults who reported higher levels of family rejection during adolescence were 8.4 times more likely to report having attempted suicide, 5.9 times more likely to report high levels of depression, 3.4 times more likely to use illegal drugs, and 3.4 times more likely to report having engaged in unprotected sexual intercourse compared with peers from families that reported no or low levels of family rejection. Latino men reported the highest number of negative family reactions to their sexual orientation in adolescence.

CONCLUSIONS. This study establishes a clear link between specific parental and caregiver rejecting behaviors and negative health problems in young lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults. Providers who serve this population should assess and help educate families about the impact of rejecting behaviors. Counseling families, providing anticipatory guidance, and referring families for counseling and support can help make a critical difference in helping decrease risk and increasing well-being for lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth.

Published online December 29, 2008
PEDIATRICS Vol. 123 No. 1 January 2009, pp. 346-352 (doi:10.1542/peds.2007-3524) This Article
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/123/1/346?ijkey=NrncY0H897lAU&keytype=ref&siteid=aapjournals

 

Transgender Resources from APA

 

Student, Community Counselor and Teacher Programs to Reduce Gender-Based Violence in Schools

USAID’s Office of Women in Development is pleased to announce the release of the Doorways training manuals.. The manuals, developed under the USAID-funded Safe Schools Program*, were designed to make classrooms safer and more conducive environments for student retention and learning. The set of manuals can be integrated into existing programs for teacher training, Parent Teacher Association strengthening, scholarships, support to orphans and vulnerable children, and HIV prevention education or as part of a comprehensive national or local plan to reduce gender-based violence against children. Piloted in Ghana and Malawi, students (ages 10-14) and adults who participated in the programs demonstrated positive changes in attitudes and knowledge concerning gender-based violence.

The development of the innovative Doorways training program was designed to break the cycle of violence in and around schools by working directly with teachers, students and community members. The Doorways I program provides boys and girls in upper primary and lower secondary school with information and skills building on goal setting, gender, children’s rights and responsibilities, violence prevention, healthy friendships, puberty and HIV/AIDS prevention. The Doorways II program trains community counselors to provide student-friendly, confidential support and to report and refer victims of abuse to service providers. In addition, community counselors learn how to develop an effective response network to facilitate reporting abuse and violence. The Doorways III program for teachers includes training on gender, children’s rights and responsibilities, non-violent discipline practices, listening skills and how to respond to SRGBV incidents.

All three manuals and accompanying resource booklets can be found at:
http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/cross-cutting_programs/wid/doorways.html 

For more information about the Doorways manuals or the Safe Schools Program, please contact Julie Hanson Swanson at juswanson@usaid.gov .

*For background on the Safe Schools Program please go to:
http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/cross-cutting_programs/wid/ed/safeschools.html

 

Hidden Injustice: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth in Juvenile Courts
Released November 12, 2009

Hidden Injustice represents the first effort to examine the experiences of LGBT youth in juvenile courts across the country. The report is based on information collected from 414 surveys and 65 interviews with juvenile justice professionals, including judges, defense attorneys, prosecutors, probation officers, detention staff, and other juvenile justice advocates; focus groups and interviews of 55 youth who possess relevant firsthand experience; and an extensive review of relevant social science and legal research findings.
Press release
http://www.equityproject.org/pdfs/hidden_injustice_press_release.pdf

Order Form
http://www.nclrights.org/site/PageServer?pagename=issue_youth_hiddeninjustice_orderform

PDF of Report
http://www.nclrights.org/site/DocServer/Hidden_Injustice.pdf?docID=6701

 

Helping Families Support Their Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender
(LGBT) Children provides information about sexual orientation and gender identity to help friends, family, and other adults support LGBT children and adolescents. The practice brief reports research findings from the Family Acceptance Project at San Francisco University and was published by the National Center for Cultural Competence at Georgetown University with support from the Child, Adolescent, and Family Branch of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's Center for Mental Health Services. Contents include basic information to help families support their LGBT children; research on the impact of families on their LGBT children's health, mental health, and well-being; and ways ethnically, religiously, and socially diverse families, parents, and caregivers can support their LGBT children.
Guidance for providers who work with LGBT children, adolescents, and families is included. Family materials and provider tools such as education materials, assessment and policy resources, research publications, and gender spectrum education and training materials are presented. The brief is available at http://www11.georgetown.edu/research/gucchd/nccc/documents/LGBT_Brief.pdf
 

"Just the Facts About Sexual Orientation and Youth: A Primer for Principals, Educators, and School Personnel."
The publication serves as a guide for employees who confront sensitive issues involving gay, lesbian and bisexual students. It is intended to help school administrators foster safe and healthy school environments, in which all students can achieve to the best of their ability. "Just the Facts" includes the most recent information from professional health organizations, as well as up-to-date information on the legal responsibility of school officials to protect students from anti-gay harassment. "Just the Facts" has been mailed to all 16,000 public school superintendents in the United States.
Full text of the booklet is available at http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbc/publications/justthefacts.pdf 
 

The Psychology of Sexual Orientation Unit Lesson Plan Available
Teachers of Psychology in Secondary Schools (TOPSS), an affiliate of the American Psychological Association (APA), in partnership with the APA Committee of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Concerns (CLGBTC), have published a new modular lesson plan on The Psychology of Sexual Orientation, which features content, activities, and resources for teachers.
Lead author Nathan Grant Smith, PhD, of McGill University, worked with high school teachers Jeanne Blakeslee (St. Paul’s School for Girls, Brooklandville, MD) and Hilary Rosenthal (Glenbrook South High School, Glenview, IL) to develop the unit, which contains lessons on:
1) Terminology and Historical Perspectives on Sexual Orientation,
2) Sexual Identity Development,
3) Lesbian and Gay Family Relationships, and
4) Social Factors and their Influence on Mental and Behavioral Health of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Populations.
The Psychology of Sexual Orientation is available to TOPSS members at http://www.apa.org/ed/topss/unitlesson.html . A single hard copy is available to anyone upon request by contacting Martha Boenau (mboenau@apa.org), Associate Director, Office of Precollege and Undergraduate Programs, Education Directorate, American Psychological Association, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242
 

A Silent Crisis: Creating Safe Schools for Sexual Minority Youth
A resource guide which includes a wealth of information for teachers, counselors, administrators, parents, and other professionals who want to learn more about issues related to safe schools for sexual minority youth. The guide was produced and compiled by Calhoun Intermediate School District in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Education with the guidance of the Safe Schools for Sexual Minority Youth workgroup.
http://www.emc.cmich.edu/products/misc/SilentCrisis.htm

Unique Needs of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer (LGBTQ) Youth
This is an excellent resource from the Healthy Teen Network published in 2006
http://www.healthyteennetwork.org/vertical/Sites/{B4D0CC76-CF78-4784-BA7C-5D0436F6040C}/uploads/{3851062A-CB60-4002-8E91-784C35E04EDD}.PDF
 

A Time to Seek: Study Guide on Sexual and Gender DiversityThe study guide offers a concise review of current sociological, public health and scientific data regarding sexual orientation and gender. It also considers key Scriptural passages in light of contemporary understandings of sexual and gender diversity.

A Time to Seek summarizes the scientific research into the origins of sexual orientation and gender identity, and provides a glossary of relevant terminology. The study guide also provides data on the prevalence of sexual and gender diversity, demographics on same-sex couples and their families, and the status of marriage equality in the U.S. It also explores the psychological and social challenges faced by LGBT persons, particularly youth, and their families.

A Time to Seek is designed for individual or group study, with discussion questions aimed at specific religious concerns, such as the interpretation of Scripture, the role of LGBT persons in faith communities, and the recognition of same-sex unions. An extensive resource guide is provided to encourage further exploration of sexual and gender diversity issues.

The publication is available for download from the Religious Institute’s web site, www.religiousinstitute.org/  For a limited period of time, people can request a single print copy -available free of charge - by sending an email to info@religiousinstitute.org . Additional printed copies are available for $12.95 each (bulk rates available) from Lifequest Publications. To order, call (419) 872-7448.

Creating Safe Space for GLBTQ Youth: A Toolkit.
from Advocates for Youth
http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/publications/safespace/ 
 

"Safeguards for Sexual Minority Youth"
See the feature article is the Fall 2002 issue of Michigan HIV News. PDF file or html document.

Policy document from NGLTF
This is an excellent compilation of research and information on GLBTQ youth and schools. You can open/download the 160+ page document at http://www.thetaskforce.org/downloads/EducationPolicy.pdf. Kathleen Russell at EMU--was one of the reviewers.


Sexual Orientation and Adolescents
Barbara L. Frankowski, MD, MPH the Committee on Adolescence
ABSTRACT- The American Academy of Pediatrics issued its first statement on homosexuality and adolescents in 1983, with a revision in 1993. This report reflects the growing understanding of youth of differing sexual orientations. Young people are recognizing their sexual orientation earlier than in the past, making this a topic of importance to pediatricians. Pediatricians should be aware that some youths in their care may have concerns about their sexual orientation or that of siblings, friends, parents, relatives, or others. Health care professionals should provide factual, current, nonjudgmental information in a confidential manner. All youths, including those who know or wonder whether they are not heterosexual, may seek information from physicians about sexual orientation, sexually transmitted diseases, substance abuse, or various psychosocial difficulties. The pediatrician should be attentive to various potential psychosocial difficulties, offer counseling or refer for counseling when necessary and ensure that every sexually active youth receives a thorough medical history, physical examination, immunizations, appropriate laboratory tests, and counseling about sexually transmitted diseases (including human immunodeficiency virus infection) and appropriate treatment if necessary.

Not all pediatricians may feel able to provide the type of care described in this report. Any pediatrician who is unable to care for and counsel non-heterosexual youth should refer these patients to an appropriate colleague.
The full report is available free at
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/113/6/1827 

Booklet Addresses Health, Safety of Gay Students
A coalition of 10 national education, medical, mental health, and religious 
organizations just released a joint publication entitled "Just the Facts About 
Sexual Orientation and Youth: A Primer for Principals, Educators and School 
Personnel" provides information that will help school administrators and educators create safe and healthy environments in which all students can achieve to the best of their ability. 
It addresses the topics of sexual orientation development, reparative therapy, 
transformational ministry, and relevant legal principles. It also includes a 
substantial resource list for educators who desire to learn more on these 
topics. A copy of this 13 page pamphlet can be downloaded from the NEA's website 
www.nea.org.

The Facts: The Impact of Homophobia and Racism on GLBTQ Youth of Color
New Advocates for Youth resource, Published June 2007
http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/publications/factsheet/fsglbtq_yoc.htm
 

The Dynamics of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgendered, and the Impact on HIV Prevention By: Alison Goldstein, M.S.W., and Sheila Bewsee, M.Ed. National State and Territorial Directors' (NASTAD) Bulletin (January 1998 issue) which is funded by the CDC.

Bridges of Respect: Creating Support for Gay and Lesbian Youth by Katherine Whitlock. This book is designed especially for parents, educators, religious leaders, community workers, health and human service providers and other who work with youth.

Working with Gay, Lesbian, Bi-sexual, Transgendered and Questioning Youth, a resource packet is available from the National Network for Youth. It provides a variety of information for youth workers, administrators and young people. The packet includes articles, assessments, policy statements, best practices and extensive bibliographies on how to effectively serve these youth. Contact Brian Sullivan, Safe Choices Project, National Network for Youth (800) 878-2437 or . Single copies are available free on a first come first serve basis.


“Out. Proud. Sober” is a media campaign directed at gay and lesbian youth with a message to stay sober. Studies have found that gay youth are particularly susceptible to alcohol and drug use, and are at higher risk for health and safety problems associated with substance abuse than are heterosexual youth. Ads for the new campaign, “Out. Proud. Sober,” have been placed in local gay/lesbian publications; postcards and posters are available through the Midwest AIDS Prevention Project. Call (248) 545-1435 for more information.

 

HIV Positive Youth

Youths Living with HIV: Self-Evident Truths
by G. Cajetan Luna. Offers a firsthand perspective into the life struggles of American youth living with HIV/AIDS. For more information, call the Haworth Press 1(800) 429-6784.

 

STD Education Resources

What You Should Know About Chlamydia (available in English and Spanish)
This pamphlet stresses that chlamydia is spread through sex, is very
common among teens and young adults, and, when treated early, can be
cured quickly. It discusses the effect of chlamydia on the body, its
symptoms, testing, partner notification, the danger of chlamydia in
pregnancy, and how to talk to the doctor.
http://www.cdcnpin.org/scripts/display/MatlDisplay.asp?MatlNbr=32519
English SKU: E073
Spanish SKU: E074

“Common STDs: STD 101 for Non-clinicians” Updated
The CDC requests that you "Please begin using the new presentation." The new file can be found at http://www2acdc.gov/std101/cirmat_presentation.asp .
 

"The Practitioner's Handbook for the
 Management of Sexually Transmitted Disease"

 The Seattle STD/HIV Prevention Training Center at the University of
 Washington announces that "The Practitioner's Handbook for the
 Management of Sexually Transmitted Disease, 3rd Edition" by Connie L. Celum, MD, MPH, Jeanne Marrazzo, MD, MPH, Negusse Ocbamichael, PA-C, Anne Meegan and Walter Stamm, MD is now available online (complete with downloadable color slides) at http://www.STDhandbook.org.

The Facts on STD Transmission
SIECUS provides an extensive fact sheet on STDs in the United States: who gets them, what they get, how STDs can be prevented, and where to turn for more information. http://www.thebody.com/siecus/report/us_std.html

STD section of the CDC NPIN Website http://www.cdcnpin.org/scripts/std/index.asp

 

Program Evaluation Tools

"A Beginner's Course in Developing BDI Logic Models"
ReCAPP has just launched a free interactive on-line course designed for
health educators and program administrators on the use of
Behavior-Determinant-Intervention (BDI) Logic Models developed by ETR's
Senior Research Scientist, Douglas Kirby, PhD. The BDI logic model is
an easy-to-use tool that establishes a clear and purposeful road map for
developing and evaluating health promotion/disease prevention programs.

The seven-lesson course can be completed at any time. Each lesson comes
with easy-to-download "Plan it!" worksheets and templates for learners
to complete on her/his own time. Interactive feedback is available
through each of the lesson's "Got it?" sections.

To enter the course, click on the icon on the right-hand side of the
screen on ReCAPP's homepage at www.etr.org/recapp.
For technical questions or difficulties, contact ReCAPP's Webmaster, at
recappwebmaster@etr.org.
For general course information, contact ReCAPP's Project Director, Lori
Rolleri at lorir@etr.org
 

Pregnancy Prevention

New DVD for Teen Pregnancy Prevention
The Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative of Jackson County has recently created a generic statewide version of the I WISH DVD. The I WISH DVD has been a powerful tool for use with teens and parents to highlight the consequences of teenage pregnancy and parenting. It is available to purchase at a cost of $40.

The I WISH DVD was created in 2008 and features real life stories on the challenges of teenage pregnancy and parenting through the voices of young women and men whose lives have been forever changed by having a child as a teenager. Teens in the I WISH video represent a variety of backgrounds and share experiences in their own words. These compelling stories are a window into the life of teen parents and the many other problems for young parents and their babies, including: financial hardship, educational failure, single parenthood, and abuse and neglect.

I WISH offers an excellent starting point for discussion around teen pregnancy and its consequences for teens and adults. Three versions of I WISH are featured on the video: comprehensive, abstinence-only, and condensed.

The I WISH video is available to purchase through the Jackson County Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative. Please complete the order form to order the I WISH video to use with young people and parents in your community.

Visit www.tppijackson.org to preview the I WISH video in the form of a local public service announcement. Just click the "I WISH public service announcements" link on the left side of the page. For more information about the "I WISH" video, please contact Michelle White at 517- 768-2150 or mwhite@co.jackson.mi.us.

 

 

Resource: Tips for discussing teen pregnancy
along with resources for educators and parents, can be accessed, free of charge, on the Answer Web site at http://answer.rutgers.edu

 

Answer, a national organization dedicated to providing and promoting comprehensive sexuality education, has released suggestions for educators when discussing sexuality and teen pregnancy issues with adolescents and teens. The tips come on the heels of the announcement made by Republican Vice Presidential nominee, Sarah Palin, that her 17-year-old daughter is pregnant, and the response her daughter has received from conservatives and evangelical leaders.

Building Emergency Contraception Awareness Among Adolescents:
A Tool Kit for Schools and Community-Based Organizations
This new publication contains a wealth of practical information, materials, and resources focused on increasing awareness about pills that can prevent pregnancy up to five days after unprotected sex. The tool kit was developed by staff at the Academy for Educational Development for a national audience of administrators in schools and youth serving agencies, teachers, student support personnel, youth workers, and school-based health practitioners. The tool kit is the culmination of five years of experience increasing EC awareness and access, including the successful two-year project, "You Can't Teach What You Don't Know." Contact AED for a copy of the tool kit or download a PDF file from the AED web site www.aed.org/healthpublications.html under the heading "Community Health Programs."

Imagine: A Look at the Reality of Teen Pregnancy
The National Campaign is proud to announce the release of its first-ever
video. In "Imagine: A Look at the Reality of Teen Pregnancy," teens
themselves describe ¯ movingly and compassionately ¯ the challenges of
being a teen parent. The video intersperses their compelling stories with
sobering statistics on the consequences of teen pregnancy. 

Originally produced for use by the Campaign only, "Imagine" is being
released to the public in response to numerous demands from audiences who
have seen the four-minute video presented at National Campaign events and
speeches. 

The "Imagine" video, which is suitable for adults and teens alike, is
perfect for providing an overview of the teen pregnancy problem to an
audience who may be unfamiliar with the topic (for instance, state
legislators or a school board). Although more emotional than analytic, the
video is also an excellent motivational tool for those already working on
the issue. 

To obtain "Imagine," you must complete a short permission agreement (found
at http://www.teenpregnancy.org/obtainingform.pdf). Ordering information
is available at http://www.teenpregnancy.org/campub.htm


Nonmarital Childbearing in the United States
The National Center for Health Statistics report on
the trends and variations in nonmarital childbearing among different
populations groups between 1940-1999. To download "Nonmarital
Childbearing in the United States, 1940-99," visit
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs.

 

Reports on Adolescent Risk Behavior

2009 State-by-State Teen Dating Violence Report Card, 2009
Break the Cycle
http://www.breakthecycle.org/resources-state-law-report-cards-2009.html  

Break the Cycle, a leading non profit teen dating violence prevention organization, announced the results of a report that grades each state’s laws on their ability to protect victims of teen dating violence seeking protection orders against their abusers. Only a handful of states have responded to teen dating violence with laws enabling the youthful victims to obtain protection orders on equal terms with adults. The report gave A grades to only five states.

The State of Adolescent Sexual Health in Michigan
On Wednesday, February 13, 2008, all Superintendents and Public School Academy Directors were sent a copy of this just released white paper with a memo stating: "The Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH) and the Michigan Department of Education (MDE) are pleased to present a comprehensive white paper, the State of Adolescent Sexual Health in Michigan. This paper represents one of the first snapshots of integrated data pertaining to the serious consequences of sexual behavior among Michigan adolescents. The goal of this document is to inspire future action from policy makers, state and local health agencies, schools, parents, community-based organizations, the faith community, and other key stakeholders concerned about critical health issues affecting adolescents in our state."

Youth Behavior Risk Survey
The latest data on Michigan youth risk behavior is being published and is available from the Michigan Department of Education website.

Michigan Adolescent Screening Project - STD Screening and Assessment of Reproductive Health Needs- See slide presentation link to left.

Trends in Sexual Risk Behaviors Among High School Students
--- United States, 1991--2001
The September 27, 2002 edition of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2002/Vol. 51/No. 38)
http://wwwcdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5138a2.htm

Building Best Lives: Profiles of 24,000 Michigan Youth from 2
Asset Approaches

Published by the MSU Office of Community Youth Development, this book is
available for you to order. 
"This volume provides a 'static snapshot' of the state of youth
(asset) development in Michigan.  While we recognize that not all
youth/communities are represented in this volume, data from over 24,000
young people provide us with a relatively reliable and valid perspective
of beacons, barriers, challenges, and opportunities available to youth that
promote and/or stagnate their developmental pathways."
Please see Order Form.For any questions about the study or the publication, contact
Sarra B. Baraily, Michigan State University, (517) 355-7732


"Older Sexual Partners During Adolescence: Links to Reproductive Health Outcomes in Young Adulthood"
Persp Sexual & Reprod Health Vol. 40; No. 1: P. 17-26, (03..2008) Suzanne Ryan; Kerry Franzetta; Jennifer S. Manlove; Erin Schelar
"Sex at a young age with an older partner has been linked to poor reproductive health outcomes during adolescence,” the authors wrote. However, little research has been done on the influence of such relationships on reproductive health outcomes during the transition to young adulthood.

In the current study, the researchers used logistic regression and contrast analyses of three waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to examine whether individuals who had sex before age 16 with a partner at least three years older were at increased risk of becoming teenage or unmarried parents or of infection with an STD by early adulthood.

The data showed that 10 percent of females and 2 percent of males reported early sex with an older partner. Analysis of the data found these females were more likely to acquire an STD as young adults than were those girls whose riskiest relationship was before age 16 with a partner of similar age (odds ratio, 2.1) or at age 16 or later with a similar-aged or older partner (2.4 and 2.6, respectively). The data showed that for males, sex before age 16, regardless of the age of the partner, was associated with an elevated STD risk (odds ratio, 1.9); however, controlling for relationship history characteristics attenuated this association.

The potential risks of sex with older partners should be made clear to adolescents, particularly to young adolescents, the authors concluded. “In particular, program providers should be alerted that females who engage in early sexual activity with older partners are at especially high risk of experiencing adverse reproductive health consequences,” they wrote.

 

HIV/AIDS Distance Learning for Educators

The Distance Learning Project Of Teachers College, Columbia University
is proud to offer:

AIDS EDUCATION- Online http://dlp.tc.columbia.edu/visitor/news_AIDS.htm
The AIDS pandemic represents more than a threat to individual health and
requires more from educators than ever before.  In the past AIDS education
meant telling people who are potentially at risk for infection with the
virus how to avoid infection.  As a generation of young adults who have
never known life without the AIDS epidemic, our notions about what they --
and for that matter, every member of our society -- will need to know have
changed.

The course, therefore, is less about how to construct an AIDS education
curriculum and more an orientation to the key issues that every educator
should understand in order to help others make sense of the epidemic.  The
course will pose a series of questions and a series of contemporary issues
for participants to digest and debate. Participants will achieve the
following set of objectives:   Students will be able to describe in writing
the epidemiology of HIV/AIDS, with specific attention to the sociogeographic
characteristics of the disease, which will include the manner in which race,
gender, community (including sexual and social identity), and socioeconomics
influence the dynamics of the pandemic.   Students will understand and
describe the basic biological structure of the virus, including the
mechanisms through which exposure, infection, and disease progression
function for HIV/AIDS.   Students will describe the manner in which current
therapies function, including Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatments
[HAART] and Protease Inhibitors [PTs].   Students will understand and
describe the theoretical basis for HIV prevention interventions and the role
that education plays in such efforts. Students will understand and describe
the policy issues that render an understanding of HIV/AIDS an imperative to
which a democratic republic is compelled to respond.

The Professors have between them more than two decades of experience in AIDS
education, research, and policy. Robert Fullilove, Ed.D. is the chair of the
CDC's Committee on HIV and STD Prevention and co-directs the Community
Research Group at the New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia
University. He also serves on the editorial board of the journal Sexually
Transmitted Disease as well as on the editorial board of the Journal of
Public Health Policy. Michael Poulson, MPH, ABD is a behavioral
epidemiologist and educator focusing on the intersection of HIV and
substance use in communities of color. Presently working with the Community
Research Group of the Columbia School of Public Health, he is a member of
the community advisory board of the Center for Urban Epidemiological Studies
of the New York Academy of Medicine, as well as founder of ACCESS Harlem, a
consortia to promote and facilitate socially responsible, culturally
sensitive and ethnically appropriate interventions, research, and education.


For More Information, or to Register for this 3 credit graduate level
course, Contact:
Jena Curtis
Distance Learning Project http://dlp.tc.columbia.edu
Teachers College, Columbia University
212.678.3492 or 888.633.6933
jnc46@columbia.edu


 

Curriculum Available

Michigan Model for Health® Releases New Curriculum
for Grades 9-12!
Healthy and Responsible Relationships
http://www.emc.cmich.edu/mm/revision/912HIVrelease.htm

New HIV and STD Training Resource
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), has developed an online educational module titled "Covering the Bases, Adolescent Sexual Health." This module was designed to help health care providers and public health professionals with prevention counseling, risk assessment, and STD and HIV testing in the adolescent population. The course explores adolescent development, current STD and HIV trends, provides the opportunity to learn about consent and confidentiality in your state, and highlights the latest CDC and AAP recommendations and guidelines on STD and HIV testing and treatment. http://www.pedialink.org/cme/_coursefinder/CMEdetail.cfm?aid=32003&area=liveCME A limited number of scholarships are available for professionals in public health and community health who work with adolescents. For more information, visit AAP's website or call (800) 433-9016, ext. 7879.

Puberty: The Wonder Years 
A new curriculum has been developed in Michigan, written by Wendy L. Sellers, one of the distinguished writers of the Michigan Model for Comprehensive School Health Education. It was formatted and published by Central Michigan University.

Puberty: The Wonder Years is a useful curriculum for filling the gap created by the scarcity of sexuality education resources for upper elementary and early middle school-aged students. Guided by Kirby’s ten characteristics of effective sex and HIV education programs, the lessons teach the skills needed to promote respect and postpone sexual activity. Teaching these twenty lessons over three years provides a solid foundation for subsequent implementation of “Programs That Work” for HIV prevention at higher grades.

"I have found that there are very few curricula that address puberty and body and life changes in a comprehensive manner that go far beyond the traditional "plumbing." Puberty: The Wonder Years does this. It has been reviewed by a top-notch team of reviewers representing a variety of viewpoints and has also been reviewed for medical accuracy by highly respected medical professionals," Laurie Bechhofer, MPH, HIV/STD Prevention Consultant, Michigan Department of Education, Learning Support Unit .

For more information about the curriculum, go to http://www.emc.cmich.edu/products/puberty/R0500P.htm or contact the Educational Materials Center at 1-800-214-8961.

U. of Alberta Computer Programs Promote Student Health
Judy Hancock, a health educator at the University of Alberta, has
developed a set of programs called the Healthy Student Software 
Collection. The programs address topics such as AIDS, alcohol, 
birth control, nutrition, and sexually transmitted diseases. 
Hancock explains, "Our job is to help students succeed--if they 
end up getting pregnant or getting HIV, that throws a big 
roadblock in the way of academic success." Included among the 
programs' titles are "AIDS in Canada," "AIDS in America," "Birth 
Control That Works," and "Itchin', Burnin' & Squirmin': STD's and
You." Experts review each program, and students also judge them 
for relevance to their age group. The software collection, which
is free, uses catchy titles, graphics, and interactive technology
to reach college students in over 94 countries. Students who do 
not have their own computers can work through the program at 
health kiosks at Alberta-area universities.

This interactive computer program "assists the user
in assessing values, gathering information and applying the
information within the guidelines of their own values in a
considered way to make healthy sexual decisions." The program,
designed specifically for college-aged audiences but potentially
suitable for high school students, provides information on
abstinence, birth control, HIV/AIDS and other STDs. The software
may be downloaded free by going to the University of Alberta
Health Center Web site at 
http://www.ualberta.ca/dept/health/public_html/healthinfo/its_your_call.html

 

Parent Resources

Parents' Sex Talk with Kids: Too Little, Too Late

http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1945759,00.html

 

Think your kid isn't ‘sexting’? Think again

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/34257556/ns/technology_and_science-tech_and_gadgets/ns/technology_and_science-tech_and_gadgets/

 

 

Resources for Related Issues

"No Rite of Passage: Coming to Grips with Harassment and Bullying"
The latest edition of the National School Boards Association's "Leadership Insider" newsletter compiles viewpoints and resources about how school districts can address these problems. Articles include an overview of the legal considerations, a review of court decisions relevant to cyber-bullying, a warning about pitfalls in the anti-bullying push, profiles of anti-harassment and anti-bullying efforts in several states and communities, and a success story about how one school board set up a process to resolve a controversy over
whether sexual orientation should be specified as a protected category in its anti-harassment policy.
http://www.nsba.org/site/docs/39100/39055.pdf

Is Your School Safe for Everyone
A poster, part of the Safe Schools for Sexual Minority Youth workgroup efforts, was developed by educators for educators.  It fits in extremely well with any anti-bullying and safe schools efforts that are going on in schools and communities. Many educators have liked the poster and wanted to find out how they could order additional copies. An order form was developed. To view a copy of the full poster, go www.aidsprevention.org/poster.htm  If you have additional questions about ordering the poster, please contact MAPP at 248-545-1435.

Runaway Youth in Michigan

MMWR Covers Suicide Among Teens and Youth
The MMWR for June 11, 2004 is available at http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/ .
It contains articles on suicide, including the following:
Suicide and Attempted Suicide Methods of Suicide Among Persons Aged 10--19 Years United States, 1992--2001 Suicide Attempts and Physical Fighting Among High School Students United States, 2001  School-Associated Suicides United States, 1994--1999 

Online Site for Juvenile Population Data
The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) recently
announced the availability of "Counting America's Youth: Easy Access to
Population Data" * a 2-page fact sheet describing an interactive data
dissemination tool that provides demographic information about juveniles
in the United States. The data site enables users to view, print, and
download juvenile population estimates according to age, gender, race, and
Hispanic ethnicity. The fact sheet is available online at
http://ojjdp.ncjrs.org/pubs/fact.html#fs200014